MIXED METAL
OXIDE ANODE
GENERAL
Anodes feature an
electro-conductive coating of mixed metal oxides, forming a solid solution with
the titanium substrate and exhibiting electrical properties, which allow the
composite to function as an anode. The characteristics of the mixed metal oxide
coating are:
-
Excellent electronic conductor
with resistivity of 10 - 5 ohm.cm.
-
Deposited on substrate by
thermal decomposition and therefore anhydrous and insoluble in
acids and chloride ion.
-
Thermal treatment favors
crystallization, which enhances the chemical stability.
-
Low and uniform wear rates.
ADVANTAGES
High current output- just as
with any other anode, current density affects the service life of anodes. The
maximum
anode current density normally recommended for design of anodes varies with the
environment as per the definitions in specifications.
Soil (with Carbonaceous Backfill) 100A/m2
Seawater 600A/m2
Fresh and Brackish Water
100A/m2
Mud 100A/m2
In conventional groundbeds, the typical savings are 20-25% versus
silicon-iron or graphite anode systems on an installed cost basis. Savings are
even greater for deep groundbeds. Rod anode
assemblies are normally more cost effective than comparable platinum rod
systems. Wire anodes are quite competitive on an installed cost basis versus
platinized wire.
LONG SERVICE LIFE
Essentially negligible
consumption (from0;5 to 5mg/Amp year) has been
observed on the mixed metal oxide coating at the recommended current densities,
resulting in extended service life. Anode system in sea water are designed for
a life of 15 years, and Anode systems in other environments are engineered for
a 20 years life. The eletrocatalytic coating shows
excellent stability even in very acidic environments.
ANODE TYPES
Solid Rod
Anode
Perform well in all types of
environments.
Used in deep and conventional
groundbeds in fresh, brackish, and salt water
electrolytes.
Tubular
String Anode
Operate effectively in all
types of environments, including areas with extermly
low pH levels
(under
1).
Can be used in multiple
quantities in string assembly or used singularly. Their unique configuration
makes
them ideal for use in strings on offshore platforms or in deep groundbeds.
Can be installed parallel to
transmission pipelines, or used for other special application.
|
DESIGNATION |
DIAMETER (cm) |
LENGTH (cm) |
CURRENT OUTPUT (Amp) |
|
Soil |
|
|
|
|
S.T. 2.5/50 |
2.5 |
50 |
4.00 |
|
S.T. 2.5/100 |
2.5 |
100 |
8.00 |
|
S.T. 1.6/50 |
1.6 |
50 |
2.50 |
|
S.T. 1.6/100 |
1.6 |
100 |
5.00 |
|
Fresh - Brackish Water |
|
|
|
|
FW.T. 2.5/50 |
2.5 |
50 |
4.00 |
|
FW.T. 2.5/100 |
2.5 |
100 |
8.00 |
|
FW.T. 1.6/50 |
1.6 |
50 |
2.50 |
|
FW.T. 1.6/100 |
1.6 |
100 |
5.00 |
|
Sea Water |
|
|
|
|
SW.T. 2.5/50 |
2.5 |
50 |
25.00 |
|
SW.T. 2.5/100 |
2.5 |
100 |
50.00 |
|
SW.T. 1.6/50 |
1.6 |
50 |
15.00 |
|
SW.T. 1.6/100 |
1.6 |
100 |
30.00 |
|
Mud |
|
|
|
|
M.T. 2.5/50 |
2.5 |
50 |
4.00 |
|
M.T. 2.5/100 |
2.5 |
100 |
8.00 |
Canistered Wire Anode
Canistered wire anodes are the perfect
impressed current anode for shallow vertical and horizontal surface groundbeds, as well as wet, marshy soil conditions where
caving is likely to occur. Ideal for protecting structures such as:
-
Underground Storage Tanks
-
Above Ground Storage Tanks
-
Pipelines
|
WIRE TYPE |
SUBSTRATE |
DIAMETER (mm) |
CURRENT OUTPUT IN FW OR
SOIL (Amp) |
|
FW/ SW Ti 1.5 |
Solid Titanium |
1.5 |
0.5 |
|
FW/ SW Ti 3.0 |
Solid Titanium |
3.0 |
1.0 |
|
FW/ SW CC 1.5 |
Copper Cored Ti |
1.5 |
0.5 |
|
FW/ SW CC 3.0 |
Copper Core Ti |
3.0 |
1.0 |
Ribbon
Anode
For use on both newly
constructed above ground storage tanks with secondary containment liners, and
existing tanks utilizing double bottom construction.
Not require coke breeze.
Can be used in sands with
various levels of moisture and salt contents.
Wire Anode
Can be used in both aqueous
and soil electrolyte.
Delivers superior protection
in fresh, brackish, or salt water, and have been found to be resistant to
acids and chloride ions.
Can operate in temperature of
up to 175 degree celsius.
Should not be used in
electrolyte containing barium or cadmium
Diameter : 3mm
Current Output : 60mA/m
ORDERING INFORMATION
Shapes and sizes of anodes can
be specified upon order to meet customer's requirement.
Specify the following details
upon ordering:
1.
Anode Type
2.
Anode Dimension/ Length
3.
Anode Quantity (Individual
Anodes; String Anodes per Set)
4.
Cable Tail Size, Length, Insulation Type